Applying from a Shengen visa from USA

[vin123]

I am a citizen of India currently working and residing in the USA, on an F1 visa. I wish to travel to Europe, specifically Germany in the month of August 2013. I will be traveling to India in January 2013 for two weeks. I could apply for a visa then but I was informed by a friend that the consulate does not authorize visas more that 45 days or so in advance. I would like to request more information regarding the same.
If that is true, is it possible for me to apply for a Shengen visa in the USA even though I'm not an American citizen? My F-1 visa is valid for another 2.5 years, and my OPT status will be renewed by June 2013 till September 2014. Do I need any other documents?

[cafeconleche]

As an F1 visa holder, you qualify as a resident of the US, and therefore, you can apply for a visa for Germany from the US.